DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1
Diabetes - This is an autoimmune disease in which destruction of beta cell in pancreas occur
Which produce insulin. Other name of diabetes mellitus 1 is IDDM,
Juvenile diabetes, absolute diabetes, insulin dependent diabetes.
While in Diabetes type 2, body make insulin but cell can't absorb it leading to high sugar level.
Causes - Due to destruction of beta cell there is no insulin and insulin is a hormone needed to
Move blood sugar (glucose) into the cell .where glucose is stored and used when needed
In diabetes type 1 these cell produces little or no insulin,
So lack of insulin lead to increase in urine and blood glucose level and body
Is unable to use this glucose for energy
Genetic - Basically it is a polygenic disease, many genes involves e.g. IDDM1,
DRB10401, DRB1 0402, DQA
b) Diet - poor diets
c) Virus - coxsackie virus
d) Drugs - streptozotocin , pyrinuron
Symptoms - 1) Polyphagia (increase in eating)
2) Polyuria ( frequent or more urination)
3) Decrease in weight .
4) Being very thirsty
Diagnosis - Following test helps to monitor diabetes and it's complication
Diagnosis by current or persistent Hyperglycemia i.e increase glucose in blood.
So the diagnosis is made by following method.
a) Fasting blood glucose level - if higher than 126mg/dL.
b) Random blood glucose level - if higher than 200 mg? DL.
c) Glycate hemoglobin (haemoglobin A1C) - above 6.5
Complications - There are my complication related to diabetes like stroke
, diabetic neuropathy, foot and leg fungal infection, diabetic retinopathy
Treatment - The main goal of treatment is to prevent Diabetic Ketoacidosis ,
Reduce symptoms, prevent diabetes related complications like kidney failure,
Blindness, foot disease and heart disease.
a) Insulin dose - this is the main treatment it helps the cell to absorb blood glucose,
It is injected in the skin as it is not come in pill form.
b) Diet - take diet at the same time each day
c) Physical activity - gardening, walking, yoga.
d) Self testing - means keep monitoring your glucose level.
e) Immunosuppressive drugs - Cyclosporine a etc
f) GAD65 vaccine - still in research and trial.
g) ACE inhibitor.
h) Foot care - as fungal infection in legs occur very easily.
Be healthy if any help need send me comment.Dia